Geoscience
This code is interested to publish scientific research related to the field of oil and oil-refining a Code aims to raise awareness and culture of Petroleum Industries
الأربعاء، 1 أبريل 2015
الاثنين، 30 مارس 2015
Symbols Used in Log InteSymbols Used in Log Interpretationrpretation
Resistivities:
Rt - Resistivity of the formation in the virgin zone, ohm-m
Rxo - Resistivity of the flushed
zone, ohm-m
Rs - Resistivity of the
shoulder (adjacent) beds, ohm-m
Rm - Resistivity of the mud, ohm-m
Rmc - Resistivity of the mud cake, ohm-m
Rw - Resistivity of 100%
formation water, ohm-m
Rmf - Resistivity of 100% mud
filtrate , ohm-m
Saturations:
Sxo -Mud filtrate saturation in the
flushed zone, %
Sw - Water saturation in the virgin
zone, fraction of pore volume in, %
Diameters:
dh - Diameter of the hole, m
di - Diameter of the flushed
zone, m
DRi - Diameter of the flushed and transition zones
together, m
Thicknesses:
h -Height of the bed being
logged , m hmc - Thickness of the mud cake, m
BASIC OPEN HOLE LOGGING AND FORMATION EVALUATION
SourceRock
organic‐rich sediments
Deposited under airless conditions
Types
of source rocks:
are
classified
from the types of kerogen that
they contain
• source rocks are formed from algal remains deposited under anoxic conditions in deep lakes: they tend
to generate waxy crude
oils when
submitted to thermal stress during deep burial
• Source rocks are formed from marine planktonic remains
preserved
under
anoxic conditions in marine environments: they
produce
both oil and gas when thermally cracked
during
deep burial.
• Source rocks are formed from terrestrial plant material that has been decomposed by
bacteria and fungi under oxic or sub‐oxic conditions: they tend to generate
mostly gas with associated light oils when thermally cracked during deep burial. Most coals and coaly shales
are generally Type 3 source rocks.
Example:
Shale - Limestone
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